Who is known for the discovery of the principles of antisepsis?

Joseph Lister is credited with the discovery of the principles of antisepsis primarily through his work in the field of surgery. In the late 19th century, Lister adopted the germ theory of disease, which was emerging from the research of scientists like Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch. He recognized the connection between microorganisms and infections, leading him to implement the use of antiseptics in surgical procedures.

Lister introduced carbolic acid (phenol) as a method for sanitizing surgical instruments and cleaning wounds, significantly reducing the incidence of postoperative infections and mortality. His application of antiseptic techniques transformed surgical practice, establishing a standard for cleanliness that prevented infections during and after surgeries. This revolutionized medical practices and laid the groundwork for modern surgical methods, highlighting the critical importance of maintaining a sterile environment in medical procedures.

The other figures mentioned have their distinct contributions to medicine: Louis Pasteur is known for his work on vaccination and pasteurization, Edward Jenner for developing the smallpox vaccine, and Robert Koch for identifying the causative agents of tuberculosis and cholera. Each played pivotal roles in advancing medical knowledge, but it is Lister who specifically advanced the principles of antisepsis.