What were the main contributions of the Medical Research Council established in 1913?

The main contributions of the Medical Research Council, established in 1913, primarily involved facilitating medical research funding and advancements. This organization played a critical role in promoting and coordinating medical research across various fields, especially in the wake of innovations and challenges of the early 20th century. By providing financial support and a structured framework for conducting research, the Council significantly advanced medical knowledge and contributed to breakthroughs in areas such as public health, disease prevention, and treatment methodologies.

The other options, while related to healthcare, do not accurately reflect the primary mission and activities of the Medical Research Council. For instance, setting regulations on medical practices or creating universal health insurance programs were not direct functions of the Council; instead, these aspects often fell under the purview of governmental or regulatory bodies. Similarly, while public health awareness campaigns are important, the Medical Research Council focused more on research rather than being directly involved in public health advocacy or campaigns. Thus, the correct answer highlights the Council's pivotal role in funding and advancing medical research, making substantial contributions to the field of medicine during that era.